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Endocrinology

Osteoporosis and Bone Metabolism Disorders

Osteoporosis is a chronic metabolic bone disease in which reduced bone mass and deteriorated bone structure make bones fragile, predisposing to spine, hip and wrist fractures.

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ℹWhat is Osteoporosis and Bone Metabolism Disorders?

Osteoporosis is a chronic metabolic bone disease in which reduced bone mass and deterioration of the bone's microarchitecture increase bone fragility and fracture risk. Usually triggered by ageing and, in women, by the hormonal changes after menopause, it weakens the skeleton and predisposes to spine, hip and wrist fractures.

At eKonsey, our Multidisciplinary Osteoporosis Council of experienced professors in endocrinology, physical medicine and rehabilitation, orthopaedics and nutrition/metabolism plans the diagnosis of osteoporosis and related metabolic risks, fracture risk scoring and treatment strategies from a holistic perspective.

Common Symptoms

Silent progression
Osteoporosis can progress silently for a long time without any symptoms.
Loss of height
In later stages, vertebral collapse can lead to a loss of height.
Rounded back (kyphosis)
Forward curving of the spine can cause a noticeable rounding of the upper back.
Severe back and lower back pain
As the disease advances, it can present with severe back and lower back pain.

Causes

Postmenopausal and Senile (Age-Related) Osteoporosis
The main type of osteoporosis, caused by falling oestrogen levels after menopause or by the age-related shift of bone turnover towards bone loss. Over time bones become porous and can break even after minor trauma.
Secondary Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Causes
Bone loss that develops because of an underlying systemic disease (chronic kidney disease, rheumatic diseases, thyroid/parathyroid disorders, malabsorption) or external factors such as long-term cortisone (corticosteroid) use.
Low-Energy Fractures and Preventive Strategies
Vertebral compression fractures or hip fractures after a simple fall at home or minor trauma are the clearest sign of advanced osteoporosis.

Second opinion for Osteoporosis and Bone Metabolism Disorders

A second specialist's review of your Osteoporosis and Bone Metabolism Disorders diagnosis or treatment plan can clarify your next step. On eKonsey this review is done online.

When is a second opinion useful?

  • When the diagnosis is unclear or more than one possibility was discussed
  • When surgery or a long-term treatment was recommended
  • When the response to treatment is not what you expected

About second opinions

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Frequently Asked Questions

Last updated: October 15, 2026

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